While cities like Tokyo and Bangkok are iconic travel destinations, those looking for slower-paced travel in Asia with fewer crowds should instead look to “second cities.” Second cities are typically smaller in size and population, making them more manageable to navigate, and they sometimes draw fewer tourists if they are not as well known. But that doesn’t mean they’re second-rate in appeal.
Second cities are often overlooked, but some have a history richer than their counterparts, while others offer access to natural wonders that capital cities don’t. Some second cities are world-renowned for their food scene, and because they’re not quite as popular, they tend to be more affordable. Once you’ve seen the main highlights from Asia’s capitals, head to these six second cities for a more intimate look at what these countries have to offer.
In this article
1. Osaka, Japan (not Tokyo)
Tokyo is on most people’s bucket lists for good reason, but the city of Osaka often ranks far behind as far as travelers’ wish lists go. However, this city in the Kansai region can be just as fun and in some ways, better than what you’ll experience in Tokyo. For example, history and architecture buffs can visit Osaka Castle and the 6th century Shitennō-ji temple which holds an important significance as Japan’s oldest official temple.
Instead of Shibuya, Osaka has Dotonbori, which is a thriving entertainment district full of bars and restaurants marked by neon signs and giant 3-D sculptures depicting the food they serve, like the iconic takoyaki a.k.a. Octopus balls.
For a nostalgic look at Japan, head to the historic Shinsekai district, which was first developed in 1912 and has maintained much of its original character with dive bars and shops serving kushikatsu, which are deep fried meat or vegetable skewers that are quite popular in Osaka. Not only is there plenty to do, Osaka is also more affordable food and accomodation-wise, and the trains tend to be less congested.
2. Bandung, Indonesia (not Jakarta)
As the commercial capital and home to Indonesia’s largest airport, Jakarta gets many visitors, but around 100 miles away on a high speed train, you’ll find Bandung, which is where locals go to escape Jakarta crowds on the weekend.
Bandung is known for its street snacks like surabi (pancakes made with rice flour and coconut milk) and natural attractions such as the white crater lake, Kawah Putih. Thanks to its higher altitude of around 2300 feet above sea level, Bandung’s cooler weather makes it a popular destination for hikes to one of the volcanic craters or numerous waterfalls. It also has one of Indonesia’s best coffee scenes with coffee shops that are not only photogenic and feel like they appear right out of a Ghibli film, but they’re backed by actually good brews from local roasters.
3. Hanoi, Vietnam (not Ho Chi Minh City)
Ho Chi Minh City, a.k.a. Saigon, is Vietnam’s biggest city, but 750 miles away, Hanoi is actually the country’s capital, and boasts a much longer history. Hanoi is around half the size of Ho Chi Minh City, though you may not know it when you’re frenetically trying to cross the busy streets of the Old Quarter as dozens of motorcycles weave by. This city is rich in history and culture as the home of the 11th century Temple of Literature (Vietnam’s first national university), has amazing food like bún chả (rice noodles with grilled pork) and the grilled fish dish chả cá lã vọng, and is around 2.5 hours away from natural wonders like Ha Long Bay.
Hanoi’s Old Quarter started in the 11th century and its narrow streets remain lively with food stalls, boutique stores, and cafes. It’s in one of these cafes, Cafe Giang, that egg coffee was first created. While here, catch a water puppet show, visit the famous Train Street, or stroll around Hoàn Kiếm Lake nearby.
4. Chiang Mai, Thailand (not Bangkok)
Chiang Mai is the largest city in northern Thailand, but unlike Bangkok in the south, Chiang Mai is much more manageable in terms of size and crowds. Bangkok’s palace and temples may be more grand, but Chiang Mai’s less crowded temples let you have a more intimate look. Plan to admire the white stupas at Wat Suan Dok or hike to Wat Pha Lat, which is hidden deep in the woods.
Chiang Mai is also surrounded by nature. Short day trips from Chiang Mai will take you to Doi Inthanon, which is Thailand’s highest peak, or to waterfalls like Bua Tong, which is nicknamed the Sticky Waterfall as the limestone rocks are grippy enough for people to climb up without slipping. There are several night and weekend markets where you can try Northern Thai specialty street food, like Phaploen Market and Chiang Mai Gate Market.
5. George Town, Malaysia (not Kuala Lumpur)
Trade the skyscraper-filled Kuala Lumpur for George Town, which is the capital of the state of Penang. It’s a culturally rich city full of diverse architecture, street art, and some of the best street food in the world. George Town does get busy when the cruise ships are docked, but in the evening, it turns into a more laid-back yet still vibrant city.
The historic area is dotted with opulent British Colonial buildings that now largely operate as hotels, Chinese shophouses, and colorful murals like Ernest Zacharevich’s “Old Motorcycle.” Wander around to appreciate the cultural landmarks here then stop at a hawker stall for some char kway teow, which is the stir fried rice noodles popular in Penang.
6. Cebu City, Philippines (not Manila)
Cebu City may be the second-largest city in the Philippines after Manila, but it’s considerably smaller and more laid back. It’s also often more affordable than Manila, making Cebu City the ideal gateway for people looking to explore all the outdoor activities around Cebu Island.
Cebu City is actually the Philippines' oldest city and has some historic churches and forts from the Spanish colonial days that are worth visiting like Basilica del Santo Niño and Magellan’s Cross. Most travelers, though, come here to access the wonderful nature in the surrounding area. Go snorkeling or scuba diving to see the awe-inspiring sardine run in Moalboal or head to Kawasan Falls for some adrenaline-inducing canyoneering.
The Shortcut
Asia’s largest cities are popular for good reasons, but there are other lesser-known cities that often hold the real magic.
Second cities are less crowded and more affordable but still offer just as much, if not more, exciting experiences.
These six “second cities” in Asia are full of culture, great food, and stunning natural beauty.
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